Concrete wall structure faced with preformed panels



July 3, 19 w. STEINBOECK 2,7 ,774

CONCRETE WALL STRUCTURE FACED WITH PREFORMED PANELS Filed Sept. 25, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet l Mac 442 56mm July 3, 1956 w. STEINBOECK CONCRETE WALL. STRUCTURE FACEID WITH PREFORMED PANELS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept.

July 3, 1956 W. STEINBOECK CONCRETE WALL STRUCTURE FACED WITH PREFORMED PANELS Filed Sept. 23 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 y 1956 w. STEINBOECK 2,752,774

CONCRETE WALL, STRUCTURE FACED WITH FREFORMED PANELS Filed Sept. 23, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet A IN V EN TOR.

wumtm fii-ein bo cK United States Patent CONCRETE WALL STRUCTURE FACED WITH PREFORNIED PANELS Wilhelm Steinboeck, Kolbnitz, Carinthia, Austria Application September 23, 1952, Serial No. 310,982

Claims priority, application Austria January 29, 1952 8 Claims. (Cl. 72-49) This invention relates to a wall structure and more particularly to a wall structure including a shuttering and sheathing structure to encase layers of concrete consecutively placed on a consolidated concrete layer of a con crete structure, and to prefabricated concrete panels and other elements for use therein.

According to a known method several prefabricated concrete webs of rectangular cross section are initially juxtaposed on edge relative to the wall surface in accordance with the inclination of the wall, with a spacing which ensures that the shuttering and sheathing panels will be supported several times throughout their height, and are braced against the previously formed concrete layer consolidated already. Thereafter the prefabricated concrete panels, constituting lost shuttering, are applied to the prefabricated concrete webs, with aligned joints, to form a wall having a perfectly flush surface, and are finally anchored in a compression-resistant manner to the prefabricated concrete webs by means of iron connecting members concealed behind the front surface of the slabs.

To improve the consolidation of the connection between the prefabricated concrete webs and the prefabricated concrete bracing elements, on the one hand, and the prefabricated concrete panels used as lost shuttering, on the other hand, the structure is formed so that several prefabricated concrete webs, the length of which corresponds to the height of the layer of concrete to be placed, and which are of rectangular cross section and have saddle shaped and stepped abutting faces, rest on the countershaped abutting faces of the prefabricated concrete webs embedded already into the hardened lower concrete layer, and are braced against the finished concrete layer by prefabricated concrete elements. The shuttering and sheathing panels have holding bails, preferably of M-shape, the loops of which project from the rear of the panel. The free ends of U-shaped tightening bails can be hung and clamped in said loops. These tightening bails embrace in the shape of a U the prefabricated concrete webs and, as the case may be, the upper arms of the prefabricated concrete bracing elements, and may be tightened by means of wedges.

In this construction it is of special advantage to attach the M-shaped holding bails close to the lower butt joint of the panels, and to arrange the U-shaped tightening bails adjacent to stepped butt joints of the prefabricated concrete webs, to provide not only for a particularly eifective anchoring of the prefabricated concrete panel to the prefabricated concrete web, but at the same time for an excellent connection of the prefabricated concrete web previously embedded in the consolidated layer of concrete, to the prefabricated concrete web abutting thereon and associated with the layer of concrete to be placed. In that case the height of the shuttering and sheathing panels is adapted to the length of the prefabricated concrete webs or to the height of the layer of concrete to be placed, and all abutting faces of the panels have an angular or saddlelike shape.

In the drawing an embodiment of the invention is illustrated by way of example, as employed in the construction of a darn.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a wall structure according to the present invention.

Figs. 2 and 3 are respectively vertical and horizontal sections, showing the means to support the panels on the upstream side.

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view, showing the means to support a panel on the downstream side.

Fig. 5 is a rear view of a shuttering panel, and

Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional view thereof.

The wall structure shown in Fig. 1 is built up in consecutively poured layers of concrete 2, 3, partly indicated with dash-dot lines in Fig. l, on the foundation wall 1 anchored in the rock. According to Figs. 2 and 4 the wall structure is built up with a shuttering which consists only of prefabricated parts. As may be seen from Figs. 2 and 3, the top ends of the embedded, prefabricated concrete webs 11 project out of the concrete layer 15 already consolidated. The prefabricated concrete panels covering the layer 15 towards the wall surface are anchored at these webs 11 to form a wall sheathing having a completely flush external surface. The upper abutting faces 31 and 32 of the prefabricated concrete panels 4 and the abutting faces 35a of the prefabricated concrete webs 11, respectively, are of obtuse-angled section and the latter are stepped in vertical direction. The. prefabricated concrete webs 11 for the layer 15a to be placed on the layer 15 are erected according to the inclination of the wall surface, their stepped abutting faces 35a, of saddleshaped section, complementing those of the prefabricated concrete webs 11 embedded in the layer 15, and are braced against the concrete layer 15 by means of the prefabricated concrete bracing elements 13. To this end the prefabricated concrete bracing elements 13 are provided at their upper and lower ends with engaging arms 36 and 37, respectively, which project at obtuse angles in opposite directions from the ends of the bracing element 13. One of said arms 36 is either wedged into a recess of the concrete layer 15, or is clamped by means of a wedged tightening member 45 to an abutment or anchoring member 18 fixed in said layer. The other arm 37 engages the prefabricated concrete web 11 at its front face remote from the wall surface, to brace said web, the bracing element wedged at its lower end into a recess in the concrete layer below, or the bracing element 13 together with the anchoring member 18 form therefor bracing means for the web. Since the shuttering and sheathing panels 4 on the upstream side of the mass concrete body have a height corresponding to the length of the prefabricated concrete webs 11, the butt joints 35 of the webs 11 and the butt joints 33 of the panels 4 are substantially at the same level. It is essential that a horizontal butt joint and a vertical butt joint, respectively, have the proper obtuse-angled groove profile 31, 32 so that when the prefabricated concrete panels 4, first serving as shuttering, are inserted into the structure, the saddleshaped abutting faces thereof will find a seat in the grooved abutting faces 31, 32 of the sheathing panels 4 already fixed, and will form together with the previously consolidated prefabricated concrete panels 4 a closed wall surface. Immediately after the sheathing panels 4 have been mounted and been applied to the prefabricated concrete webs 11, these panels 4 are anchored at these webs 11. This anchorage is used at the same time to connect the prefabricated concrete webs 11 to the prefabricated concrete bracing elements 13. To this end, as shown in Fig. 4, the prefabricated concrete panels 4 have in the ribs 38, framing the box-shaped recesses 6, M-shaped holding bails 39, 40 in that region where they contact the prefabricated concrete webs with the ribs 41 (Figs. 5 and 6). The two loops 39, 40 of an M-shaped holding bail are a distance apart that corresponds to the thickness of the prefabricated concrete webs 11. As shown in Figs. 2 and the prefabricated concrete slab 4 serving as a sheathing element is provided in its bottom edge rib 3S and in one of the longitudinal stiffening ribs 42 thereof with such M-shaped holding bails 39, 40, which protrude over the slab rear plane defined by the rib surfaces on both sides of a stiffening rib 41 (Fig. 5) running from top to bottom. Each of the prefabricated concrete slabs 4 contacting the prefabricated concrete webs 11 has adjacent to the lower abutting faces 35a of the prefabricated webs ll, and approximately at the second third of the length thereof, or of the height of the slabs, two M-shaped holding bails 39, 40, the loops of which project on both sides of the prefabricated concrete webs 11 out of the slab plane defined by the ribs 41. In these loops 39, 40, the hooked ends 43, 44 (Fig. 3) of tightening bails or fastening means 45 are hung and reversely bent. The balls 45 at the lower ends of the slabs 4 tightly embrace in the shape of a U only the prefabricated concrete webs 11 and the upper bails 45 embrace the webs 11 together with the engaging arm 37 adjacent to the point of engagement of the prefabricated concrete bracing element 13. To tighten these tightening bails 45, tightening wedges 46 are provided, which suitably consist of grout-soaked hardwood. Thus the elements of the construction are held together to resist vibration. A vibration resistant connection is provided primarily adjacent to the butt joints 35 of the prefabricated concrete webs 11 because the tightening bail 45 with the tightening wedge 46 unyieldingly retain the prefabricated concrete web 11 firmly embedded in concrete, as well as the freely braced prefabricated concrete web 11, against the pressure of the concrete mix which will form the layer 15 of concrete to be subsequently poured.

On the downstream side (Fig. 4) the sheathing panels 4 are much lower than on the upstream side. For this reason these shuttering and sheathing panels 4 are pro-' vided with M-shaped holding bails 45 not only in their bottom rib but also in their horizontal central stiffening rib 42. These bails serve to tighten the sheathing panels 4 to the prefabricated concrete webs 12 by means of the wedged tightening bails 45, 46, as described before. The expansion joint 22 is protected against the penetration of melted snow and ice by a grooved block 23 (Fig. 2).

I claim:

1. A wall structure comprising in combination, a plurality of upright webs arranged end to end so that the bottom end of each of said webs is supported by the top end of the next lower web; a plurality of upright panel means each arranged adjacent to and supported by one of said webs; means securing said panels and webs to each other at the joining levels at which said webs are joined to each other; a plurality of anchoring members spaced in horizontal direction from said webs and spaced from each other in upright direction the same distance as said joining levels and slightly under the same; a plurality of bracing elements, each anchored at the lower end to one of said anchoring members and extending upwardly toward one of said webs and anchored at its top end to the same; and a concrete wall mass surrounding said webs, said anchoring members and said bracing members so as to firmly hold said anchoring members which in turn hold said webs and panels secured thereto.

2. A wall structure, comprising, in combination, a plurality of superimposed horizontal layers of concrete; a plurality of upright webs arranged end to end in upward direction, each web having a lower portion embedded in a concrete layer and a top end portion projecting upwardly out of said layer into the next higher concrete layer and supporting the lower end of the next higher web; a plurality of upright rectangular panel means, each panel means having an upper horizontal edge and a lower horizontal edge, and engaging with its upper edge the lower edge of the next higher panel means, each of said panel means having the same height as said webs and abutting against one of said webs; a plurality of inclined bracing means, each'bracing means located in one of said concrete layers and having a lower end portion embedded in the next lower layer and an upper end portion abutting against the web located in said one layer; fastening means connecting the lower ends of said webs with the lower edges of said panel means; and other fastening means connecting said upper ends of said bracing means, said webs and said panel means.

3. A wall structure, comprising, in combination, a plurality of superimposed horizontal layers of concrete; a plurality of prefabricated upright webs arranged end to end in upward direction, each web having a lower portion embedded in a concrete layer and a top end portion projecting upwardly out of said layer into the next higher concrete layer and supporting the lower end of the next higher web, said top end portions and said lower portions having stepped end faces engaging each other; a plurality of prefabricated upright rectangular panel means, each panel means having an upper grooved horizontal edge and a lower horizontal edge formed with a projection, and engaging with its upper edge the lower edge of the next higher panel means with said projection fitting into said grooved edge, each of said panel means having the same height as said webs and abutting against one of said webs, said stepped end faces of said webs and said engaging edges of said panel means being located substantially on the same horizontal level; a plurality of prefabricated inclined bracing means, each bracing means located in one of said concrete layers and having a lower end portion embedded in the next lower layer and an upper end portion abutting against the web located in said one layer; fastening means connecting the lower ends of said webs with the lower edges of said panel means; and other fastening means connecting said upper ends of said bracing means, said webs and said panel means.

4. A wall structure, comprising, in combination, a plurality of superimposed horizontal layers of concrete; a plurality of prefabricated upright webs having rectangular cross sections arranged end to end in upward direction, each web having a lower portion embedded in a concrete layer and a top end portion projecting upwardly out of said layer into the next higher concrete layer and supporting the lower end of the next higher web; a plurality of prefabricated upright rectangular panel means, each panel means having an upper horizontal edge and a lower horizontal edge, and engaging with its upper edge the lower edge of the next higher panel means, each of said panel means having the same height as said webs and abutting against one of said webs; a plurality of prefabricated inclined bracing means, each bracing means located in one of said concrete layers and having a lower end portion embedded in the next lower layer and an upper end portion abutting against the web located in said one layer; first U-shaped wire fastening means passing around the upper ends of said bracing means and said webs, and having free ends secured to said panel means; and second U-shaped wire fastening means passing around the lower end of said webs and having free ends secured to the lower edges of said panel means.

5. A wall structure, comprising, in combination, a plurality of superimposed horizontal layers of concrete; a plurality of prefabricated upright webs having rectangular cross sections arranged end to end in upward direction, each web having a lower portion embedded in a concrete layer and a top end portion projecting upwardly out of said layer into the next higher concrete layer and supporting the lower end of the next higher web, said top end portions and said lower portions having stepped end faces engaging each other; a plurality of prefabricated upright rectangular panel means, each panel means having an upper grooved horizontal edge and a lower horizontal edge formed with a projection, and engaging with its upper edge the lower edge of the next higher panel means with said projection fitting into said grooved edge, each of said panel means having the same height as said Webs and abutting against one of said webs, said stepped end faces of said webs and said engaging edges of said panel means being located substantially on the same horizontal level; a plurality of prefabricated inclined bracing means, each bracing means located in one of said concrete layers and having a lower end portion embedded in the next lower layer and an upper end portion abutting against the web located in said one layer; first U-shaped wire fastening means passing around the upper ends of said bracing means and said webs, and having free ends secured to said panel means; and second U-shaped wire fastening means passing around the lower end of said webs and having free ends secured to the lower edges of said panel means.

6. A wall structure as claimed in claim 5 and including two M-shaped wire members secured to each of said panel means, each wire member having two loop portions projecting on both sides of the web associated with the respective panel means, and wherein said free ends of said U-shaped wire fastening means are hooked and engage said loop portions; and Wedges acting on the central portions of said U-shaped wire fastening means for tensioning the same.

7. A wall structure as claimed in claim 6 wherein said panel means have ribs extending in upward direction and abutting against said webs.

8. A wall structure, comprising, in combination, a plurality of superimposed horizontal layers of concrete; a plurality of prefabricated upright webs having rectangular cross sections arranged end to end in upward direction, each web having a lower portion embedded in a concrete layer and a top end portion projecting upwardly out of said layer into the next higher concrete layer and supporting the lower end of the next higher web, said top end portions and said lower portions having stepped end faces engaging each other; a plurality of prefabricated upright rectangular panel means, each panel means having an upper grooved horizontal edge and a lower hori- 6 zontal edge formed with a projection, and engaging with its upper edge the lower edge of the next higher panel means with said projection fitting into said grooved edge, each of said panel means having the same height as said webs and abutting against one of said webs, said stepped end faces of said webs and said engaging edges of said panel means being located substantially on the same horizontal level; a plurality of prefabricated inclined bracing elements, each bracing element located in one of said concrete layers and having an upper end portion abutting against the web located in said one layer; and a plurality of anchoring members, each anchoring member detachably secured to the lower end portion of one of said bracing elements and being firmly embedded in the next lower concrete layer; first U-shaped Wire fastening means passing around the upper ends of said bracing elements and said webs, and having free ends secured to said panel means; and second U-shaped wire fastening means passing around the lower end of said webs and having free ends secured to the lower edges of said panel means.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 759,031 Shumway May 3, 1904 1,033,461 Peterson July 23, 1912 1,177,646 Marshall Apr. 4, 1916 1,294,224 Bellingham Feb. 11, 1919 1,321,938 Norton Nov. 18, 1919 1,468,285 Dampney Sept. 18, 1923 1,493,991 Knight May 13, 1924 1,575,041 Telles Mar. 2, 1926 1,606,160 Foster Nov. 9, 1926 2,043,697 Deichmann June 9, 1936 2,415,873 Dubois Feb. 18, 1947 FOREIGN PATENTS 433,463 Great Britain of 1935 

